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The Fabric of Peace in AfricaLooking beyond the State |
eBook Available
An examination of critical social institutions and groups and the role they play in aiding or impeding the peaceful resolution of conflicts in Africa.
Africa has experienced dozens of conflicts over a variety of issues during the past two decades. Responding to these conflicts requires concerted action to manage the crises - the violence, the political discord, and the humanitarian consequences of prolonged fighting. It is also necessary to address the long-term social and economic impacts of conflict, to rebuild communities, societies and states that have been torn apart. To accomplish this requires the involvement of institutions and groups rarely considered in formal official African conflict management activities: schools, universities, religious institutions, media, commercial enterprises, legal institutions, civil society groups, youth, women and migrants. These groups and organizations have an important role to play in building a sense of identity, fairness, shared norms and cohesion between state and society - all critical components of the fabric of peace and security in Africa.
This volume brings together leading experts from Africa, Europe and North America to examine these critical social institutions and groups, and consider how they can either improve or impede peaceful conflict resolution. The overarching questions that are explored by the authors are: What constitutes social cohesion and resilience in the face of conflict? What are the threats to cohesion and resilience? And how can the positive elements be fostered and by whom?
The second of two volumes on African conflict management capacity by the editors, The Fabric of Peace in Africa: Looking beyond the State opens new doors of understanding for students, scholars and practitioners focused on strengthening peace in Africa; the first volume, Minding the Gap: African Conflict Management in a Time of change, focused on the role of mediation and peacekeeping in managing violence and political crises.
This volume brings together leading experts from Africa, Europe and North America to examine these critical social institutions and groups, and consider how they can either improve or impede peaceful conflict resolution. The overarching questions that are explored by the authors are: What constitutes social cohesion and resilience in the face of conflict? What are the threats to cohesion and resilience? And how can the positive elements be fostered and by whom?
The second of two volumes on African conflict management capacity by the editors, The Fabric of Peace in Africa: Looking beyond the State opens new doors of understanding for students, scholars and practitioners focused on strengthening peace in Africa; the first volume, Minding the Gap: African Conflict Management in a Time of change, focused on the role of mediation and peacekeeping in managing violence and political crises.
Details
386 Pages, 7 x 10
5 tables, 7 figures
CIGI Press
ISBN 9781928096351
June 2017
Formats: Cloth, Paperback, eBook
Pamela Aall is a senior fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation’s (CIGI’s) Global Security & Politics Program, leading the African Regional Conflict Management project with Chester A. Crocker. She is also senior adviser for conflict prevention and management at the United States Institute of Peace (USIP), and on the board of Women in International Security.
Chester A. Crocker is a distinguished fellow at CIGI. He is the James R. Schlesinger Professor of Strategic Studies at Georgetown University’s Walsh School of Foreign Service, and serves on the board of its Institute for the Study of Diplomacy. A Former assistant secretary of state for African affairs from 1981 to 1989, he served as chairman of the board of USIP and is a founding member of the Global Leadership Foundation.
Chester A. Crocker is a distinguished fellow at CIGI. He is the James R. Schlesinger Professor of Strategic Studies at Georgetown University’s Walsh School of Foreign Service, and serves on the board of its Institute for the Study of Diplomacy. A Former assistant secretary of state for African affairs from 1981 to 1989, he served as chairman of the board of USIP and is a founding member of the Global Leadership Foundation.
Foreword | vii
Kofi Annan
Acknowledgements | ix
Abbreviations and Acronyms | xi
Part One - Introduction | 1
1 The Social Environment and Conflict in Africa | 3
Pamela Aall and Chester A. Crocker
Part Two - Social Tension Conflict | 15
2 State Capture and State Building as Stress Factors in African Conflicts | 17
Pierre Englebert
3 Violent Group Mobilization and Conflicts in Africa: Understanding When and How Horizontal Inequalities Lead to Violence | 33
Arnim Langer and Leila Demarest
4 Conflicts without Borders: Fulani Herdsmen and Deadly Ethnic Riots in Nigeria | 49
Eghosa E. Osaghae
5 Climate Change and Access to Water Resources in the Lake Victoria Basin | 67
Donald Anthony Mwiturubani
Postscript by Simon Palamar
Part Three - Tension between State and Society | 81
6 Rule of Law and the Role of Justice in Managing Conflict | 83
Allan Ngari and Raeesah Cassim Cachalia
7 Repressing or Protecting? The Security Sector and Society in Africa | 105
Mathurin C. Houngnikpo
8 (Re) Thinking the Relationship between Education and Conflict in Africa: Between Benevolence and Negative Force | 129
Charles Owuor Olungah
9 Trends in Urbanization and Migration in Africa: Implications for the Social Cohesion of African Societies | 145
Mariama Awumbila
Part Four - Inclusion and Exclusion in Conflict Environments | 163
10 Inclusion in Peacemaking: From Moral Claim to Political Fact | 165
Alex de Waal
11 What Is the Role of Civil Society in Confronting Africa’s Political and Security Challenges? | 187
Gilles Olakunlé Yabi
12 Do Private Sector Activities Support Peace or Conflict in Fragile States? | 199
Callisto Madavo
13 Women and Conflict: Roles in Conflict Mitigation and Resolution in Africa | 219
Akinyi Roselyn Walender
14 The Outcast Majority and Postwar Development: Youth Exclusion and the Pressure for Success | 227
Marc Sommers
Part Five - Strengthening Resilience and Social Cohesion | 241
15 Relying on One’s Self: Traditional Methods of Conflict Management | 243
William Zartman
16 Religion, Society and Conflict | 257
Alexander Thurston
17 Radio, Social Media and Language as an Agent in Conflict: A Case Study of Dandal Kura Radio International in the Lake Chad Basin | 273
David Smith and Stephanie Wolters
18 Building a Common Vision of the State: The Role of National Dialogues | 289
Elizabeth Murray and Susan Stigant
19 Building Resilience to Conflict: The Case of West Africa | 301
Alexandre Marc, Neelam Verjee, and Stephen Mogaka
20 A Practitioner’s View | 321
Princeton N. Lyman
Part Six - Conclusion | 329
21 Can State and Society Be Woven Together? | 331
Chester A. Crocker and Pamela Aall
Contributors | 347
Index | 355
Kofi Annan
Acknowledgements | ix
Abbreviations and Acronyms | xi
Part One - Introduction | 1
1 The Social Environment and Conflict in Africa | 3
Pamela Aall and Chester A. Crocker
Part Two - Social Tension Conflict | 15
2 State Capture and State Building as Stress Factors in African Conflicts | 17
Pierre Englebert
3 Violent Group Mobilization and Conflicts in Africa: Understanding When and How Horizontal Inequalities Lead to Violence | 33
Arnim Langer and Leila Demarest
4 Conflicts without Borders: Fulani Herdsmen and Deadly Ethnic Riots in Nigeria | 49
Eghosa E. Osaghae
5 Climate Change and Access to Water Resources in the Lake Victoria Basin | 67
Donald Anthony Mwiturubani
Postscript by Simon Palamar
Part Three - Tension between State and Society | 81
6 Rule of Law and the Role of Justice in Managing Conflict | 83
Allan Ngari and Raeesah Cassim Cachalia
7 Repressing or Protecting? The Security Sector and Society in Africa | 105
Mathurin C. Houngnikpo
8 (Re) Thinking the Relationship between Education and Conflict in Africa: Between Benevolence and Negative Force | 129
Charles Owuor Olungah
9 Trends in Urbanization and Migration in Africa: Implications for the Social Cohesion of African Societies | 145
Mariama Awumbila
Part Four - Inclusion and Exclusion in Conflict Environments | 163
10 Inclusion in Peacemaking: From Moral Claim to Political Fact | 165
Alex de Waal
11 What Is the Role of Civil Society in Confronting Africa’s Political and Security Challenges? | 187
Gilles Olakunlé Yabi
12 Do Private Sector Activities Support Peace or Conflict in Fragile States? | 199
Callisto Madavo
13 Women and Conflict: Roles in Conflict Mitigation and Resolution in Africa | 219
Akinyi Roselyn Walender
14 The Outcast Majority and Postwar Development: Youth Exclusion and the Pressure for Success | 227
Marc Sommers
Part Five - Strengthening Resilience and Social Cohesion | 241
15 Relying on One’s Self: Traditional Methods of Conflict Management | 243
William Zartman
16 Religion, Society and Conflict | 257
Alexander Thurston
17 Radio, Social Media and Language as an Agent in Conflict: A Case Study of Dandal Kura Radio International in the Lake Chad Basin | 273
David Smith and Stephanie Wolters
18 Building a Common Vision of the State: The Role of National Dialogues | 289
Elizabeth Murray and Susan Stigant
19 Building Resilience to Conflict: The Case of West Africa | 301
Alexandre Marc, Neelam Verjee, and Stephen Mogaka
20 A Practitioner’s View | 321
Princeton N. Lyman
Part Six - Conclusion | 329
21 Can State and Society Be Woven Together? | 331
Chester A. Crocker and Pamela Aall
Contributors | 347
Index | 355
