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The Great Peace of Montreal of 1701French-Native Diplomacy in the Seventeenth Century |
The story of one of the most significant European-Native diplomatic negotiations of the colonial period and the resulting treaty.
In The Great Peace of Montreal of 1701 Gilles Havard brings to life the European and Native players who brought about this major feat of international diplomacy. He highlights the differing interests and strategies of the numerous First Nations involved while giving a dramatic account of the colourful conference. The treaty, Havard argues, was the culmination of the French colonial strategy of Native alliances and adaptation to Native political customs. It illustrates the extent of cultural interchange between the French and their Native allies and the crucial role the latter played in French conflicts with the Iroquois and the British.
The last decades of the seventeenth century were marked by persistent, bloody conflicts between the French and their Native allies on the one side and the Iroquois confederacy on the other. In the summer of 1701, 1,300 representatives of forty First Nations from the Maritimes to the Great Lakes and from James Bay to southern Illinois met with the French at Montreal. Elaborate, month-long ceremonies culminated in the signing of The Great Peace of Montreal, which effectively put an end to the Iroquois wars.
In The Great Peace of Montreal of 1701 Gilles Havard brings to life the European and Native players who brought about this major feat of international diplomacy. He highlights the differing interests and strategies of the numerous First Nations involved while giving a dramatic account of the colourful conference. The treaty, Havard argues, was the culmination of the French colonial strategy of Native alliances and adaptation to Native political customs. It illustrates the extent of cultural interchange between the French and their Native allies and the crucial role the latter played in French conflicts with the Iroquois and the British.
As we approach the 300th anniversary of the treaty's signing in August 1701, Gilles Havard emphasizes its contemporary significance: in signing a treaty with forty separate parties the French recognized the independent sovereignty of every First Nation. This translation is significantly revised and updated from the original French publication of 1992.
The last decades of the seventeenth century were marked by persistent, bloody conflicts between the French and their Native allies on the one side and the Iroquois confederacy on the other. In the summer of 1701, 1,300 representatives of forty First Nations from the Maritimes to the Great Lakes and from James Bay to southern Illinois met with the French at Montreal. Elaborate, month-long ceremonies culminated in the signing of The Great Peace of Montreal, which effectively put an end to the Iroquois wars.
In The Great Peace of Montreal of 1701 Gilles Havard brings to life the European and Native players who brought about this major feat of international diplomacy. He highlights the differing interests and strategies of the numerous First Nations involved while giving a dramatic account of the colourful conference. The treaty, Havard argues, was the culmination of the French colonial strategy of Native alliances and adaptation to Native political customs. It illustrates the extent of cultural interchange between the French and their Native allies and the crucial role the latter played in French conflicts with the Iroquois and the British.
As we approach the 300th anniversary of the treaty's signing in August 1701, Gilles Havard emphasizes its contemporary significance: in signing a treaty with forty separate parties the French recognized the independent sovereignty of every First Nation. This translation is significantly revised and updated from the original French publication of 1992.
Details
320 Pages
illus., maps
ISBN 9780773522190
May 2001
Formats: Paperback, Cloth
"Gilles Havard's book is a first-rate study of the factors that led to the Montreal Peace of 1701, and of the agreement itself. In fact, it is the best I have ever read and its availability in English is long overdue." Olive Dickason, author of Canada's First Nations: A History of Founding Peoples from Earliest Times.
Gilles Havard is a historian living in Paris. He is currently writing a book on French-Native relations in the Great Lakes region.
Preface
Chronology
Maps
Introduction
PART ONE: THE POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC ARENA
1 Key Elements of Amerindian Diplomacy
2 Alliances and Strategies in the Late Seventeenth Century
3 Wars and Peace in the Seventeenth Century
PART TWO: NEGOTIATIONS ON ALL FRONTS 1697-1701
4 Iroquois Delegations and Colonial Rivalries
5 Accommodation and Confrontation in the West
6 On the Path to Montreal, 1700 -1701
PART THREE: THE MONTREAL CONFERENCE, SUMMER 1701
7 Montreal, Capital of Peace: 21 July to 7 August 1701
8 The Tree of Peace
9 1701: A New Situation
10 Conclusion
Appendix 1 The Nature of the Treaty and the Amerindian Pictographs
Appendix 2 The Cast of Characters in the Great Peace of Montreal
Appendix 3 English Translation of the Montreal Treaty of 1701
Abbreviations
Notes
Glossary of the Names of Native Peoples
Bibliography
Index
Chronology
Maps
Introduction
PART ONE: THE POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC ARENA
1 Key Elements of Amerindian Diplomacy
2 Alliances and Strategies in the Late Seventeenth Century
3 Wars and Peace in the Seventeenth Century
PART TWO: NEGOTIATIONS ON ALL FRONTS 1697-1701
4 Iroquois Delegations and Colonial Rivalries
5 Accommodation and Confrontation in the West
6 On the Path to Montreal, 1700 -1701
PART THREE: THE MONTREAL CONFERENCE, SUMMER 1701
7 Montreal, Capital of Peace: 21 July to 7 August 1701
8 The Tree of Peace
9 1701: A New Situation
10 Conclusion
Appendix 1 The Nature of the Treaty and the Amerindian Pictographs
Appendix 2 The Cast of Characters in the Great Peace of Montreal
Appendix 3 English Translation of the Montreal Treaty of 1701
Abbreviations
Notes
Glossary of the Names of Native Peoples
Bibliography
Index
Winner
Translation Prize
Quebec Writers' Federation (2001)
Translation Prize
Quebec Writers' Federation (2001)
