“A refreshing approach to studies of translation and Canadian culture … of interest to the general public as well as undergraduate and graduate students. Translation Effects cuts across a wide spectrum of disciplines, such as Canadian Studies, History, Political Science, English, French, Film Studies, Indigenous Studies, Drama, in addition to Translation Studies and Cultural Studies. Ultimately, the collection makes apparent that the politics of translation, shaped by uneven power relations, demonstrates that not only is translation at the very heart of Canadian cultural history, but [its] vital link to culture makes translation inextricable from politics in Canada.” Target, International Journal of Translation Studies

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“An important work that will be invaluable to any researcher in the field of translation studies wanting to (re)define translation and fully grasp its importance within Canadian society. Although most of the case studies focus essentially on Ontario and Quebec, each reading captures a new side of the rich Canadian cultural kaleidoscope and each historical event is another irrefutable piece of evidence that translation, as invisible as it may seem, is the keystone of Canadian society.” American Review of Canadian Studies

Kathy Mezei is professor emeritus in the Department of Humanities at Simon Fraser University.

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Sherry Simon is professor in the French Department at Concordia University.

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Luise von Flotow is professor and director of the School of Translation and Interpretation at the University of Ottawa.

Tables and Illustrations | xiii
Acknowledgments | xv
Introduction | 3
Kathy Mezei, Sherry Simon, and Luise Von Flotow

Part One Translating Media and the Arts
1 1885, 1998: Translating Big Bear in Film | 27
Ray Ellenwood
2 1950-1956: An Interventionist Approach to Versioning at the National Film Board of Canada | 37
Christine York
3 October 2006: Territoires et trajectoires Is Launched in Montreal and “Cultural Race Politics” Are Introduced to Quebec | 50
Sherry Simon
4 June 2007: Quebec Politicians Debate a Bill to Impose Strict Controls on Audiovisual Translation, and Fail to Pass It | 62
Luise Von Flotow
5 Summer 2008: Pays de la Sagouine: Cultural Translation at an Acadian Theme Park | 76
Glen Nichols

Part Two Translating Politics
6 February 1968: Acadian Activism and the Discontents of Translation | 91
Denise Merkle
7 1970: The October Crisis and the flq Manifesto | 105
Robert Schwartzwald
8 1971: Pierre Vallières Comes to English Canada via the United States | 119
Julie McDonough Dolmaya
9 January/February 1977: Independence, Secession, Political Duels or Lévesque and Trudeau in the United States | 131
Chantal Gagnon, Translated by Trish Van Bolderen
10 2007: Translating Culture during the Bouchard-Taylor Commission | 142
Renée Desjardins

Part Three Translating Poetry, Fiction, Essays
11 1923: “Foreign” Immigrants Write Back: The Publication of Laura Goodman Salverson’s The Viking Heart | 163
Daisy Neijmann
12 September 1970: Publication of a “Monologue” on Translation | 174
Patricia Godbout
13 11 September 1973: Latin America Comes to Canada | 182
Hugh Hazelton
14 1978: Language Escapes: Italian-Canadian Authors Write in an Official Language and Not in Italiese | 197
Joseph Pivato
15 1984: Disquieting Equivalents: David Homel Retranslates Le cassé by Quiet Revolution Novelist Jacques Renaud | 208
Gillian Lane-Mercier
16 1989: The Heyday of Feminist Translational Poetics in Canada: Tessera’s Spring Issue on La traduction au féminin comme réécriture | 223
Alessandra Capperdoni
17 1992: Translating Montreal’s Yiddish Poet Jacob Isaac Segal into French | 239
Pierre Anctil, Translated by Deborah Shadd
18 1992: Through Translation, Mordecai Richler’s Oh Canada! Oh Quebec! Generates Controversy in English and French | 251
Julie Mcdonough Dolmaya
19 1998: The Artefactual Voice Within: Terry Glavin’s “Rain Language” Is Published | 262
George Lang
20 1999: Cross-Purposes: Translating and Publishing Traditional First Nations Narratives in Canada at the Turn of the Millennium | 271
Philippe Cardinal
21 22 February 2001: Les Allusifs Enter the Publishing Scene | 290
Hélène Buzelin

Part Four Translating Drama
22 31 March 1973: Michel Tremblay’s Les belles-soeurs in Toronto: Theatre Translation and Bilingualism | 305
Louise Ladouceur, Translated by Deborah Shadd
23 1974: Small West Coast Press Talonbooks Makes a Bold Move and Publishes Four Quebec Plays in Translation | 318
Kathy Mezei
24 1977: Michel Tremblay’s Bonjour, là, bonjour in English at the Saidye Bronfman Centre Theatre: Jouissance, Translation, and a Choice of Taboos | 333
Gregory J. Reid
25 1984-2009: Robert Lepage Meets the Rest of Canada | 345
Jane Koustas
26 1992: Les belles-soeurs and Di shvegerins: Translating Québécois into Yiddish for the Montreal Stage | 358
Rebecca Margolis
27 May 2006: East Meets West Coast in Canadian Noh: The Gull | 371
Beverley Curran
28 February 2008: The Death of a Chief: Translating Shakespeare into Native Theatre | 382
Sorouja Mol

Part Five Performing Translation
29 1974: The Weimar Republic Comes to Gay Toronto | 399
Brian Mossop
30 1986: Interpreting Effects: From Legislative Framework to End Users | 416
Andrew Clifford
31 1997: The Supreme Court of Canada Rules that the Laws of Evidence Must Be Adapted to Accommodate Aboriginal Oral Histories | 430
Sophie Mccall
32 20 October 2008: Translating Reconciliation | 444
David Gaertner

Contributors | 459
Index | 467